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2 Sheets-Sheet 2 /A/vE/s/To/l ATTORNEY v Patented June I3, |899. .1. scoT'r. K

ROTARY ENGINE.

Application med July e, 159e. Renewed may 1s, 1899.)

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W/ TNE SSE S UNITED STATES PATENT GEEIGE.

JAMES soorr, or HAKODATE, JAPAN.

ROTARY ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 626,870, dated June 13, 1899. Application filed .Tuly 6,1898. Renewed May 18, 1899. Serial No. 717,290. (No model.)

To all whom. it may concern.:

Be it known that I, JAMES SCoTT,-of Hakodate, Japan, have invented a new and Improved Rotary Engine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention is a rotary engine having a piston driven by the action of a volume of water, in turn driven by steam-jets passing into the water and causing it to iiow against the piston to turn the piston.

This specication is the disclosure of one form of the invention, while the claims define the actual scope thereof.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a vertical section of the invention, taken transversely of the axis of the piston. Fig. 2 is a'vertical section taken longitudinally with the yaxis of the piston and through the piston, parts being omitted. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the i-nvention. Fig. l is a fragmentary section illustrating the action of a certain element hereinafter more particularly described, and Fig. 5 is a detail view showing the action of. one of the valves.

The rotary engine is mounted on a base 6 and has a piston-casing or cylinder 7 with apacking-gland 8, in which a transverse shaft 9, forming the aXis of the piston, is revolubly mounted. The shaft 9 extends through the casing 7 and is also mounted in a box 10, held by a pedestal 11, that stands on the base 6. The extremities of the shaft 9 are squared, to the end that suitable connection maybe made with parts to be driven.

The casing 7 comprises a circular chamber 12, located centrally of the casing and concentric to the shaft 9 and adapted to receive the piston of the engine. The side walls of the chamber 12 taper slightly, so that the piston may be properly fitted therein. The piston is formed of a hub 14, keyed on the shaft 9 and having a web 15, to each side of which cheek-pieces 16 are fastened. The web 15 is provided with a series of wings 17, the side edges of which are respectively engaged by -the cheek-pieces 16, and which form surfaces against which the fluid-pressure for driving the piston is exerted. The web 15 is provided with a series of undercut passages 18,

located, respectively, at the bases of the win gs 17, so as to permit a slight circulation past said wings, and thus permit the fluid which drives the piston to easily leave the piston at the exhaust, as will be fully described hereinafter. A

The casing 7 has four water-chambers, (designated, respectively,19, 20, 21, and 22.) Each chamber 19, 20, 21, and 22 is connected by means of a pipe 23 with a condenser 24.. These pipes 23 are therefore four in number and all lead to the condenser, so that a continuous circulation between the condenser, the pipes 23, and the casing 7 may be maintained. The water-chambers are arranged in two pairs, re-

spectively, at the ends of the casing and the members of which are located one above the other, as shown best in Fig. 1. Each waterchaniber has communication with the chamber 12 by means of a throat-tube 25, such throat-tubes being passed through the walls between the Water-chambers and the chamber 12 and being held rigidly by keys 26. The throat-tube 25 for the water-chamber 19 is located at the upper left-hand 'corner of the casing 7 and discharges rightward against the upper periphery of the piston. The throattube 25 for the water-chamber23 is located at the lower left-hand corner of the casing 7 and discharges rightward against the bottom periphery of the piston. The throat-tube 25 for the water-chamber 21 is located at the upper right-hand portion of the chamber 7 and discharges leftward against the upper periphery of the piston. The throat-tube 25 for the water-chamber 22 is located at the lower righthand portion ot' the chamber 7 and discharges leftward against the lower periphery of the cylinder. Each water-chamber is connected with a relief-passage 27. These passages lead parallel with their respective throat-tubes 25 and communicate with the chamber 12. Each relief-passage 27 is commanded by a valve 28, which valves are seated in the casing 7 and which have their stems extended through the casing, as shown in Fig. 3 and as will be fully described hereinafter. Respectively above and below the piston and within the casing 7 two by-passes 29 are provided. The bypasses 29 are each commanded bya two-way valve 30. The stems of these valves pass through the front side of the casing 7, as will IOO pose of the oy-passes is to regulate the action be fully described hereinafter. The by-passes 29 are arranged so that fluid may pass from one water-chamber to the other Without being thrown directly upon the piston, but it may be observed that the disposition of these by-passes is such that as the iiuid passes from them it is forced tangentially against the piston to assist in the driving thereof. The purof the piston, as will be fully described hereinai'ter.

For each water-chamber the ends of the cas- 1 which branches feeds two of the four arms 32..

Each pair of arms 32 is connected to a twoway valve 34, by which the steam may be.

thrown into eitherarm of the two composing the pair or by which both of said arms may be cut o'l'f entirely from connection with the corresponding branch of the pipe Fig. l shows the valves adjusted so that one pipe 32 of each pair of pipes 32 will be in communication with the pipe while Fig. 5 shows one of the valves 34 adjusted to place, both of its corresponding arms or pipes 32 out of communication with the pipe 33. The valves v34 are connected to move in unison with each other by means of a rod 35, joined to crank-arms 36, respectively, attached tothe valves. This arrangement permits the valves 33 to be thrown simultaneously, and at the same time preserves the proper relation of ports and passages. Each nozzle 3l has an exhaust-tube 37 passed through it and into the respective throat-tubes 25. The tubes 37 also project through ports of the respective arms 33 and pass out of said arms, and then extend from the engine to the boiler or source of steam with which the pipe connects. Each pipe 37 is commanded by a valve 33. The purpose of the pipes 37 is to carry oit an amount of water equal to the steam that is exhausted in the casing 7, since there is in the casing and condenser a denite body of water, which must be neither increased nor diminished by the action of the engine, and since there will always be an addition to this body of water by condensation; therefore the necessity of removing the condensed water, which is done by a principle of operation to be hereinafter explained.

A rod 35 and crank-arms 3G represent one form of any desired mechanism for causing the valves 34 to operate in unison. The valves 30 of the by-passes 29 are each provided at I their stems with a crank-arm 39, with which the slotted ends of a lever 40 are connected. The lever 40 is mounted to turn on the gland S of the casing 7 and serves, with thehelp of the crank-arms 39, to cause the valves 30 to move in unison, so that the valves will be opened or closed together. The upper righthand valve 28 and the lower left-hand valve 28 are each provided with a crank-arm 4l, with which the slotted ends of a lever 42 are respectively connected. The lever 42 also turns on the gland 8. The upper left-hand valve 2S and the lower right-hand valve 28 are each provided with a crank-arm 43, to which the slotted ends of a lever 44 are respectivelyconnected. Thelever44also turns on the gland S. The valves controlled by the lever 42 must have a fixed relation to each other and must both be opened simultaneously. The valves controlled by the lever 44 must also have a fixed relation to each other and must both be opened simultaneously; but the valves of the two levers are disposed oppositely. The valves of the lever 42 are opened when the valves of the lever 44 are closed, and Vice versa. Eig. 2 omits to illustrate the connection between the several valves. These connections are shown in Fig. 3. Specifically they form no part of my invention.

Byreference to the drawings the operation of my invention may be traced as follows: Normally the casing 7, the pipes 23, and the condenser 24 contain the definite body of walter,which is caused to circulate continuously throughout the apparatus during t-he action of the machine. The steam passes from the pipes or arms 32 and drives the water through the casing 7 against the wheel, so that the wheel is turned. Assuming now that the apparatus be adjusted as shown in Fig. l,which is to say that the valves 28 related to the lever 44 and water-chambers 19 and 22 are closed, that the valves 28 related to the water-chambers 2O and 2l are opened, thatthe valves 30 are both closed, and that the valves 34 are adj usted, the one to direct a body of steam to the nozzle 3l of the water-chamber 19 and the other to direct a body of steam to the nozzle 3l of the water-chamber 22, under this adjustment the steam passes forcibly ,through the two active nozzles and through the corresponding throat-tubes. This draws the water from 'the chambers 19 and 22 and forces it through the corresponding throattubes into engagement with the piston at top and bottom and in opposite directions. This causes the piston to be turned rapidly, and the engine is thereby driven. As the steam passes from the nozzles 3l it exerts its pressure on the bodies of water in the throattubes 25. This action not only forces such bodies of water inward toward the piston, but at the same time there is a back pressure which occurs at the inner ends of the tubes 37, and this back pressure at the inner ends or mouths of the tubes 37 causes a quantity of water to be ejected into and through said tubes. This quantity of water is equal to the IOO IIO

Water of condensation which is generated in the casing. It is by these means, therefore, that I effect the delivery from the casing of the before-mentioned Water Of condensation. It may be seen that the four nozzles 3l and their respective Water chambers are connected tO Operate in pairs, the members ot' which are diagonally Opposite each other, one pair being active to turn the piston in one direction and the other pair being active to turn the piston in the other direction. The reversal of the engine is eifected by the manipulation Of the valves 34 and also by the manipulation of the valves 2S. The relief-passages 27 are provided to relieve the pressure Of the fluid as it passes from the piston, so that there will be no back pressure against the piston Owing to the fact that the Water is permitted to pass readily and rapidly from the vicinity of the piston both through the adjacent throattube 25 and through the relief-passages. The by-passes are provided to regulate the speed of the piston. By Opening the valves 30 so that the Water may be forced partly through the by-passes it is obvious that the pressure on the piston Will be relieved and the piston Will be driven less rapidly. At the same time, however, the Water passing through the bypasses 29 will exert some iniiuence On the piston owing to the disposition of the bypasses, as is apparent in Fig. l. The engine may also be controlled as to velocity by manipulating the valves 34. Fig. et illustrates one of the valves 30 in an open position, and it will thus be seen that the Water may pass through the adjacent by-pass 29 and have the action above described.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patenty l. In a rotary engine, the combination of a casing having a circular chamber therein, the

casing also having a Water-chambertherein,

athrOat-tube leading from the Water-chamber to the circular chamber, a piston mounted to turn in said circular chamber, a steam-nozzle projected to the throat-tube and into the Waterchamber,and an exhaust-tube run through the nozzle and into the throat-tube.

2. In a rotary engine the combination of a casing having a Waterchamber therein, a throat-tube run from said Water-chamber, a steam-nozzle projected into the Water-chamber and extending to the throat-tube, and an exhaust-pipe run through the steam-nozzle and projected into the throat-tube.

3. A rotary engine having a casing provided with a circular chamber and with a water-chamber, a piston mounted to turn in the circular chamber, a throat-tube leading from the Water-chamber to the circular chamber and directing a stream of Water tangentially against the piston, the casing having a relief-passage run between the tWO chambers, a valve controlling said passage, a steam-nozzle projected into the Water-chamber and extending to the throat-tube, and an exhaustpipe running through the nozzle and into th throat-tube.

4. A rotary engine having a casing provided With a circular chamber and a Waterchamber, said chambers being in connection With each other, a piston mounted to turn in the circular chamber, a steam -nozzle projected into the Water-chamber and toward the circular chamber, and an exhaust-pipe run through the steam-nozzle and terminating beyond the same.

5. A rotary engine having a casing provided With a Water-chamber, a steam-nozzle projected into the Water-chamber and serving to eject the Water from said chamber, and an exhaust-pipe run through the steam-nozzle and terminating beyond the same, the eX- haust-pipe serving to carry away the Water Of condensation.

6. The combination Of a closed casing having chambers for containing a definite quantity of liquid adapted to circulate continuously through the casing, a piston mounted in the casing in the path of said liquid, to be driven thereby, steam feed and exhaust pipes leading to and from the casing, the steam serving to drive the liquid, and means coacting with the exhaust, whereby to carry Of the Water of condensation from the steam, thus maintaining an equal amount of Water Within the casing.

7. A rotary engine having a casing provided With a central chamber and with two liquid-chambers on each side ,of the central chamber, a piston mounted to turn in the rcentral chamber, floats leading respectively JOHN ANDREW WILSON, WILLIAM JOHAN DRUMMOND.

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